Camber is the horizontal relation of your tires to the road, in degrees. You will always be using negative camber, in which the tops of your wheels tilt in towards the car, and the bottoms out; this has the effect of increasing your tires' grip while the body of the car is leaning in the middle of a corner. Generally, increasing front (negative) camber will cause the front of the vehicle to grip better mid-corner, and the same goes for increasing negative camber in the rear. Of course, as with anything else, it can be taken too far actually causing a decrease in traction. It should also be noted that extreme camber will increase braking distances and reduce grip for accelerating in a straight line.
Toe is the effect of the wheels pointing inward or outward when viewed from the top of the car. Generally speaking, front toe is for fine tuning the feel of the car during initial turn in, toe-in will sharpen response while causing mild understeer, whereas toe-out will decrease initial turn-in response but mildly decrease understeer. Rear toe, on the other hand, has a much more drastic effect on the vehicle; increasing rear toe-in will stabilize the rear of the car - particularly useful on high-powered RWD vehicles. Too much can make the car resistant to turn however, generating understeer. I personally don't like using toe-out on the rear, except perhaps in cases of a FWD car having some severe understeer issues.