As I was reading the OP my first thought was, "This is an idea that could only be born out of California." Then I looked to the left. Finding out later that it came from a college class just added to my initial assumptions.
Anyway:
Before we go anywhere else; prove it. Show me the names of the 800 people that died in 2014. I want to see the cause of death, or at least the causal data that shows that their death was a result of car emissions.
Also, 800 deaths from two countries? If you actually care about saving lives you are barking up the wrong tree.
The CDC reports that there are an average of 610,000 deaths from heart disease every year in just the US. Let's start banning certain foods, regulating diet restrictions and minimal exercise requirements. You would save far more than 800 lives. But the same rule applies here as I applied to your 800 deaths. I need to see the direct link from what you are banning to the deaths before I will agree.
Yadda yadda yadda, cold, dead hands.
And over half of them wouldn't be able to afford it, wouldn't be able to get to work, would lose their jobs, their families would starve, experience the medical and emotional stresses that accompany poverty, and many will die. The economy would suddenly falter and crumble and then others would become drastically poor. Eventually no cars of any kind will be cost effective to create and sell and your fun track days would come to a screeching halt.
Congratulations, you maybe, theoretically saved 800 lives but wiped out a huge chunk of the population and industry. Not only did you save the 800 lives, but you reduced global emissions to a near halt. Shame about those 100+ million though, right? No classes focusing on economics and market forces in your school?
Because no one made it happen with some insane law forcing refrigerator purchases or banning milk delivery. That was a result of the free market at work.
Even if this were true, the economic effects would still be devastating. People drive old cars for a reason.
Trees, duh.
No, seriously. They die, break down and the carbon becomes pressurized over millions of years and hardens into a black rock known as coal, and then some dude digs it up and then we burn it to run our power plants. Renewable, green energy!