Energy Debate: Fusion, or Solar?

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As in the OP, next gen, feasible/viable solar is a few years away. In recent years Australia has been a dumping ground for solar panels because the general public don't know that the solar they are buying is ancient tech and will be horrendously obsolete in said years. Solar sales companies popped up everywhere to cash in on the unawareness boom but it's slowing down now as they hit critical mass.

I know nothing of fusion. I think I came up with a theory for how it could work, but either I've forgotten it or I'm confusing it with some other theory I had for something else that was also forgotten :lol:
 
No, my preferred solution for solar is home-mounted panels. Again, not everyone is geographically placed to make best use of it and something like fusion would still be a better aim globally, but it's certainly an option for a lot of people.

Even if residential solar was economically viable which it is not, at least in Canada, you still need the same entire grid and capacity you have now, because you can't get enough power or storage capacity to power your home through solar. We have days upon days of dark, overcast conditions here in the winter, with a sun that's low in the sky to begin with. The grid still has to be there just in case.

We've spent billions upon billons of dollar on erecting Windmills here in Ontario and not a single nuclear, gas, coal or hydro generating station can be taken off line because of it, because the wind doesn't always blow, and when it does, you never know how hard.

As a result, all expenditures on "green" energy are in addition to current expenditures on all other forms of energy production. I think that money would be much better spent on finding ways to make things more efficient and in replacing aging infrastructure in the energy sector with more efficient energy production and delivery systems.
 
Why do we have to choose why not develop all options and alternatives?

Money is one reason. It would be more efficient to determine what is most efficient and use that instead of building random types of power plants every 15 miles.

I see solar as the short term solution that serves as a stop gap to practical fusion, at least until we see solar panels with crazy high efficiencies. At some point, I'd like to invest in a few for my own power needs.
 
Even if residential solar was economically viable which it is not, at least in Canada, you still need the same entire grid and capacity you have now, because you can't get enough power or storage capacity to power your home through solar.

We have days upon days of dark, overcast conditions here in the winter, with a sun that's low in the sky to begin with. The grid still has to be there just in case.

We've spent billions upon billons of dollar on erecting Windmills here in Ontario and not a single nuclear, gas, coal or hydro generating station can be taken off line because of it, because the wind doesn't always blow, and when it does, you never know how hard.

As a result, all expenditures on "green" energy are in addition to current expenditures on all other forms of energy production. I think that money would be much better spent on finding ways to make things more efficient and in replacing aging infrastructure in the energy sector with more efficient energy production and delivery systems.

It does depend where you live. Those in sunnier climes power their homes every day with solar and some even develop enough energy to sell back to the grid. I'd quite like to be in that position actually - there's initial outlay of course, but not paying a dime for the electricity I use and getting a cheque in the post for the stuff I sell back would suit me pretty well.

The idea isn't that the grid could be replaced entirely though - more that demand on it would be reduced.

I agree with you though - ultimately, one of the best eventualities is simply using less energy in the first place, and improving the services which provide it.

The other alternative would be to end huge subsidies granted to energy companies - both green companies and the oil industry - and the extra tax dollars gained could be put to good use elsewhere. I'm sure many economies could stand to gain from billions less debt.
 
Fusion power works everywhere

Fusion power works nowhere on Earth. Plasma physicists keep discovering instabilities and transients in plasmas that essentially rule out this source of energy.

Nuclear power is bedeviled by the inherent propensity in man to take shortcuts, cut costs, and to cheat and scrimp on quality and safety in order to make a quick buck.

My vision for a future of limitless free energy and prosperity is to cover the planet in a forest of hemp. The oil from this weed which requires little water, fertilizer or pesticide will power our homes and industries, and its other byproducts will feed, clothe and house us.

This vision is practical and realistic if opposition from synthetic fuel, food, clothing and building materials monopolists can be overcome. The future is yours if you want it.

Respectfully submitted,
Steve
 
Well, fusion power would work everywhere. It won't be so location dependant as solar power or seaweed that is used for renewable-source petrol.

ITER is already planned, the site has gone through preparations and construction has been started last year. If the physicians are so uncertain about its functionality, wouldn't they halt the progress until large problems are solved?
As long as the superconducting magnets work, the plasma should be able to be kept away from the walls of the reactor and the reaction running.

I'd say the most probable energy production model for the future is a mix of all non-fossil energy sources. Solar, hydro, wind, biomass, nuclear fission and fusion and renewable-source petrol products.
 
A continuously running commercial Fusion reactor will need a source of clean fuel and coolant, which means preferably near the water, if you're going to distill your own fuel on the spot. This is assuming that future reactors will reach the point where they can cost-effectively power their own fuel production. As they can just about hit 1:1, not counting the energy cost of making and transporting the fuel, they're still energy negative, overall. I'd think they would have to hit at least 10:1 or 20:1 to make it worth our while.

Not saying we should stop researching Fusion, as it's one of the few long shots worth investing in.


Money is one reason. It would be more efficient to determine what is most efficient and use that instead of building random types of power plants every 15 miles.

This is basically the problem with the green loans over the past several years. Too many baskets to put eggs into, and too few giving back chickens. It's frustrating to see so many millions go into projects that you already know are dead ends.

I see solar as the short term solution that serves as a stop gap to practical fusion, at least until we see solar panels with crazy high efficiencies. At some point, I'd like to invest in a few for my own power needs.

It's price rather than efficiency that we should be chasing. Makes less sense to spend millions more on extremely expensive cells for a small percentage efficiency gain when we can probably crank out square kilometers' worth of cheaper cells, instead. Much like the issue with hybrids and regular cars... Hybrids help lower oil consumption, but pushing up efficiency of cheaper "regular" cars will have a bigger effect overall.
 
My vision for a future of limitless free energy and prosperity is to cover the planet in a forest of hemp. The oil from this weed which requires little water, fertilizer or pesticide will power our homes and industries, and its other byproducts will feed, clothe and house us.

Suits me. They can build a Lotus Elise out of it, so I'm sold.

This is basically the problem with the green loans over the past several years. Too many baskets to put eggs into, and too few giving back chickens. It's frustrating to see so many millions go into projects that you already know are dead ends.

It's basically the problem with most of the "green" industry in total. It's like that with cars, certainly - people who like ethanol, biodiesel, CNG, hydrogen, hybrids, plug-in hybrids, range-extended EVs and electric cars, all pulling in different directions over whose is "best". Oh, and the pro-oil lot all pulling against all of them.

I'd love to know what would be possible in any one area if all the energy spent in-fighting was applied productively instead. I.e, if everyone stopped pissing about tomorrow and thought, "right, let's concentrate on [blank]".
 
Only when the millions are stopped being fed the pack of lies about anything labelled with "nuclear" or "genetically-modified" being pure :scared:evil:scared: we will become a more responsible species.

(Short) rant over.
 
Its more profitable for the people who run the current energy companies to keep going the direction they have been for years. Until oil products get cheap (lol) or we get 10 years from completely running out is when they will be like, "Well, bad news is we are basically out of oil, but we have this realllly cool Fusion-Fission thingy reactor. We have had it on the back burner for awhile so i guess we will use it now..."

Everything is too money driven for real progress imo.
 
Why do we have to choose why not develop all options and alternatives?

That's the thing, you are free to choose to do whatever you want and in a free market, you'll choose what works best for you. But here in Ontario at least, it's not a free market. As a consumer, hydro is delivered to me for a market rate of $0.075 to $0.085 per kw/h through my meter. Up steps the Liberal government and says, "hey even though we're high in latitude with little sun in the winter we think solar is great, so go ahead and put up solar panels and we'll pay you $0.80 per kw/h for hydro you generate". Yeah, 10 times the cost of hydro they are currently selling.

That's not a free market. The government has now stepped in and decided who it wants the winner to be and so hundreds of millions of dollar have been invested in solar panels that generate next to no electricity because they are getting paid 10 times the market value to do so. So my neighbour can put up $20k of solar panels, generate $20 a month of electricity and my government hands him another $180 of my tax money for doing so. Anyone that can't see that's an utter crock and a complete waste of taxpayer money, needs to have their head examined.

It does depend where you live. Those in sunnier climes power their homes every day with solar and some even develop enough energy to sell back to the grid. I'd quite like to be in that position actually - there's initial outlay of course, but not paying a dime for the electricity I use and getting a cheque in the post for the stuff I sell back would suit me pretty well.

The idea isn't that the grid could be replaced entirely though - more that demand on it would be reduced.

I agree with you though - ultimately, one of the best eventualities is simply using less energy in the first place, and improving the services which provide it.

The other alternative would be to end huge subsidies granted to energy companies - both green companies and the oil industry - and the extra tax dollars gained could be put to good use elsewhere. I'm sure many economies could stand to gain from billions less debt.

That may well be in southern climes, and if someone wants to invest in solar panels and generate hydro so be it. So long as the government doesn't step in and pay him to do so fine and dandy. At best, I might give allow him a taxable deduction for the cost of the panels spread over their life of say 20 years, but to pay more than the market rate for the hydro generated by a consumer is ridiculous.
 
Well, I advocate lots of research and effort into building a working, productive fusion reactor. Not only would it, if successful, provide a great source of electricity, but the project itself would help advance technology.
 
Its more profitable for the people who run the current energy companies to keep going the direction they have been for years. Until oil products get cheap (lol) or we get 10 years from completely running out is when they will be like, "Well, bad news is we are basically out of oil, but we have this realllly cool Fusion-Fission thingy reactor. We have had it on the back burner for awhile so i guess we will use it now..."

Everything is too money driven for real progress imo.

And that's the main problem. Money not invested now may not develop new technologies quickly enough to cope when we get x number of years down the line and suddenly realise that we're out of oil/gas/coal, or that oil/gas/coal has become prohibitively expensive to extract and is commercially unviable.

To a certain extent that's already happening. You don't drill 10km down (à la Deepwater Horizon) because you want to, you do it because you have to, and easier methods of extracting have already been exhausted (or happen to be owned by countries you disagree with in the Middle East...). At the moment, extraction is expensive but plentiful (ditto other resources) so the price is fairly stable. At some point, it'll become expensive and scarce - that's when the price starts to rise.

That may well be in southern climes, and if someone wants to invest in solar panels and generate hydro so be it. So long as the government doesn't step in and pay him to do so fine and dandy. At best, I might give allow him a taxable deduction for the cost of the panels spread over their life of say 20 years, but to pay more than the market rate for the hydro generated by a consumer is ridiculous.

I can appreciate what you're saying, and it's a conundrum.

At the moment, it isn't commercially viable on its own, but I think with energy it's necessary to think longer-term. And I'm not talking about global warming either (that's another subject for another thread), I'm talking simply about meeting energy needs in an increasingly energy-intensive society.

If there's no investment now (and in the absence of commercial viability, the money has to come from somewhere), then the technology will be decades behind when we actually need it.

That might be beyond our lifetimes, but - and feel free to label me as a treehugger if you want for this next bit - I'd like to think we're not going to leave future generations in deep crap because we're not doing what we can to invest in the sort of energy they'll be using out of necessity, rather than out of desire.

(I know the drill now. Usually when myself or anyone else raises such a point, someone comes in and says that their tax dollars shouldn't be spent on something they don't agree with, something they get no benefit from etc. Then I say that I agree on principal (I really do), but in practice I can't see a better way of doing it. Then they say that it doesn't matter what happens in the real world, because if I'm condoning using tax dollars for something they don't want then it's tantamount to giving up all your freedoms. Then someone else says that they're overreacting. Then everybody argues for a bit and regardless of outcome, both sides stick to their own views and nobody has really gained anything other than being smug believing that they're right really.)

H20 is the way to go for cars

What, water?
 
Yep water, honda is working on it they already have a car dont know if its concept but it works and as we know h20 is abundunt
 
I think he must. A water-powered car doesn't work (it's possible to make one work, but it isn't practicable). I'm not a fan of hydrogen either though. Its benefits are easy to understand but its negatives are currently rather large.

Of course, that doesn't mean hydrogen isn't worth looking into as a means of energy storage, but at the moment the concept of making a car run on the stuff is a bit "robbing Peter to pay Paul".
 
Hydrogen may work, but it has problems. One of which being that it leaks through practically everything on an atomic level, being such a small element. Also, like pure electricity, you have to have something massive somewhere in the car, in this case the hydrogen tank. However, it works more like the petrol cars we're used to, and so should certainly be developed.
 
Hydrogen may work, but it has problems. One of which being that it leaks through practically everything on an atomic level, being such a small element. Also, like pure electricity, you have to have something massive somewhere in the car, in this case the hydrogen tank. However, it works more like the petrol cars we're used to, and so should certainly be developed.

The hydrogen tank is one issue. Even at high pressures its, as you say, quite large. The Honda FCX Clarity is actually a massive car - probably what you'd call a "full size" sedan over there, only looks bigger since it's a one-box shape rather than a traditional sedan. And that's just to get a reasonably "normal" range.

The other is that perennial hydrogen problem of where you get it from. It's extremely energy-intensive to produce hydrogen, despite its abundance. And if you're trying to save energy, then using an energy-intensive process to harvest hydrogen somewhat defeats the point.

Though as you say, it's still worth developing. It just happens to be very expensive to develop too, thanks to its complication!

Yeah hydrogen basicly water

Well... not really. Hydrogen may be part of water, but the two things are very different when there's not an oxygen atom linking them.

Its quite dangerous because if it were to get into a tank it would be compressed am i right?

Danger isn't really its main issue, as above. Okay, so people get a bit uneasy hearing about high-pressure hydrogen tanks residing in their cars, but nobody really gives much thought to incredibly flammable liquids like petrol sloshing around in them either, so I'm sure they'd get over that aspect.
 
It's price rather than efficiency that we should be chasing. Makes less sense to spend millions more on extremely expensive cells for a small percentage efficiency gain when we can probably crank out square kilometers' worth of cheaper cells, instead. Much like the issue with hybrids and regular cars... Hybrids help lower oil consumption, but pushing up efficiency of cheaper "regular" cars will have a bigger effect overall.

Good points, though I don't remember how efficient they are right now and how that compares to theoretical maximum efficiency. If there isn't much to be gained in efficiency, then price makes more sense. Though if efficiency can go up considerably, it might be worth it go toward that instead.

I figure smaller groups of cells would be easier to maintain, and there's just something about covering tons of space with solar cells that I don't like. On the other hand, it's not like there is a shortage of space at the moment so maybe I should just get over it.
 
@homeforsummer thanks for clearing that up as ive always thought since high school hydrogen and h2o are the same :dopey: thanks i appreciate it!
 
It's price rather than efficiency that we should be chasing. Makes less sense to spend millions more on extremely expensive cells for a small percentage efficiency gain when we can probably crank out square kilometers' worth of cheaper cells, instead. Much like the issue with hybrids and regular cars... Hybrids help lower oil consumption, but pushing up efficiency of cheaper "regular" cars will have a bigger effect overall.

Didn't see this before.

The other interesting thing to note is that the biggest improvements come from the least-efficient cars.

15 mpg is pretty atrocious these days. So is 17 mpg. But if you can get a 15 mpg car(/truck) to do 17 mpg, then that's an improvement of more than 13 percent. To put that into perspective, a 50 mpg Toyota Prius would have to rise to almost 57 mpg to bring about the same improvement.

Actually, it's even more confusing, but even easier to see the benefit, when you stop using miles per gallon and start using other metrics. My editor wrote an excellent article on it. One which makes a lot of sense to people who aren't morons. And one which got him lots of negative comments from morons who didn't understand it.
 
^Very interesting read :)👍 And raises a good point: you can't expect everyone to get into a small FWD hatchback, because for some families that's just unpractical (it can be me, my parents and two large dogs sharing a car for example :lol:).

If things keep going the way they seemingly are (here in the UK at least, where I believe there's only a few hybrid SUVs - all Lexuses :P) then it's going to affect a huge amount of people.
 
The topic seems to have skipped a rather large point, reduction in energy consumption.

Currently the trend is for higher, and higher power demand. Energy saving bulbs which are now widespread are a start, and the introduction of LED TVs over Plasma is also helping. But other gadgets like computers and phones continue to grow in their hunger for electricity.

Cars are becoming more efficient in fuel, but their longevity seems to be ever decreasing! It boarders on false economy.

Re: Energy production. It's a terrible head ache, though the worst thing we can do is do nothing. Locally, there are a lot of people that protest against wind farms, but they're a wonderful temporary solution and leave only a small scar on the environment when removed.

Solar is, economically, a joke. Subsidies globally are huge in order to justify the installation. Germany has a massive solar array, but it's actual output is hysterically low. Saharan arrays, possible, but you're then trying to transport electricity which isn't an entirely efficient idea in itself.
 
The topic seems to have skipped a rather large point, reduction in energy consumption.

Currently the trend is for higher, and higher power demand. Energy saving bulbs which are now widespread are a start, and the introduction of LED TVs over Plasma is also helping. But other gadgets like computers and phones continue to grow in their hunger for electricity.


It's an interesting point. If you look at the power consumption of such things though, it doesn't add up to much. If we're looking at the average house, then it's the appliances that draw kW that really are the bulk of the problem, such as water heaters and cookers, that kind of thing. My old immersion heater needed 6kW at full whack (I assume, since it had two 3kW elements), it probably used more power in an hour than the lighting in the flat used in 6 months. I'd also imagine having the cooker on (maybe the oven and a hob plate), for 20-25 mins is hugely more power hungry than a microwave for 4 minutes.

It's something I really want to understand better since my parents electricity bill is around 10 times higher than mine, yet we pay the same unit rate.

FWIW, I think electricity is actually pretty reasonably priced in the UK.

Nuclear may well be the answer now, but we need to look at scrubbing energy from the environment in a way that doesn't require or generate unsustainable amounts of something, such as the ingredients to make Solar Panels, or Nuclear waste.

Efficiency is about getting more out from a given input, or putting less in for the same output. Energy companies and us, the consumers, all need to keep this in mind.
 
The topic seems to have skipped a rather large point, reduction in energy consumption.

Actually, it was mentioned a page or two back, by Johnnypenso I think. And naturally, my post above re: fuel consumption was focusing on the same thing.

Cars are becoming more efficient in fuel, but their longevity seems to be ever decreasing! It boarders on false economy.

(Apologies for the long-ish post to follow...)

This isn't strictly true. The main issue is a cultural one I think, rather than a longevity issue. We're in a consuming, rather than a conserving culture.

I read recently in an interview (I can't remember where, but I'll try and find it - was a fairly recent magazine I think) that a modern car is mechanically capable of quite easily lasting half a million miles before major components (engine, gearbox etc) require rebuilding or replacing. Even clutches last yonks these days, and oil change intervals are going up all the time because engines are being built to more exacting specifications, controlled more precisely with electronics, and the chemical composition of synthetic oils has improved.

When I first started looking at cars 11-12 years ago, cars with 100k miles on actually weren't that frequent. Today they're everywhere - partly because some cars from the 80s-90s are already lasting longer than their 60s-70s counterparts. Give it 10, 20 years, and I bet we'll see a hell of a lot of 00s-10s cars with 200k miles on and think very little of it.

But this is where the consuming culture comes in.

Whether this is actually the case or not, people seem to treat cars with less respect than they used to. They're more disposable. Despite lasting longer, people get rid of them earlier - people think cars are over the hill at 60k miles, which isn't the case. And because they change hands a lot, the price drops fast. And because the price drops fast, they get picked up by people who can't afford or can't be arsed maintaining them properly (witness the number of supposedly reliable yet pretty shonky 1990s BMWs knocking around), then they break, and then people get the impression modern cars don't last.

Suggesting that old cars are better could be a perception issue. They didn't do as many miles when new (my Beetle is on 124k (if the odo is correct) after almost 40 years. My old Rover had done nearly that in 11 years - and for its age, the Rover had average mileage) and it doesn't take into account just how many have succumbed to mechanical maladies or rust. There might be craploads of old Beetles around still, but I wonder what proportion of the original 21 million is left... I'd be surprised if it's more than 1/4. I'd not be surprised if it's not even 1/10.

A good example of how modern cars can last can actually be seen in the U.S. Something undoubtedly modern, yet good on fuel like a Prius, is happy to do 300,000 miles with no major work, provided it gets maintained well. And in the U.S, people tend to be fairly fastidious over stuff like that - changing oil well within the recommended intervals etc.

In other words, buying a modern, fuel-efficient car is only a false economy if you intend to keep it for only a few years.

TL;DR - New cars should last far longer than older ones have. We just need to treat them more like cars and less like last year's cellphone.
 
Actually, it's even more confusing, but even easier to see the benefit, when you stop using miles per gallon and start using other metrics. My editor wrote an excellent article on it. One which makes a lot of sense to people who aren't morons. And one which got him lots of negative comments from morons who didn't understand it.

That looked like quite an interesting article. Unfortunately when I was two or three paragraphs into it a popup appeared trying to sign me up for a newsletter or somethingorother. My response when something like that happens is to immediately leave the site. Please advise your editor that the magazine's misguided in-your-face promotional policy has driven at least one reader away.
 
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