03R1, you are completely missing the point. Your 2-year old would not have too much trouble figuring out farming within a few months from now because (here it comes!) HE HAS FARMS TO OBSERVE! Without that observation, what clue would he have? I distinctly remember the meal that was going on at my family's dinner table when I learned that meat was actually animal flesh, not just something you got in a package at the store. (I'm not sure how I explained bones before that, but there you go. Actually, it may have been a question about bones that brought it up.) I wasn't disgusted by it, but it certainly changed my understanding of the food chain fundamentally.
You also seem to have missed my point about nomadic hunter-gatherers migrating seasonally. They go to the same places every year, at different times of the year, just like the food animals. The reason? They're going where the food is! The meat animal migrates south for the winter, and the berries and nuts come out on certain trees and bushes in the spring and summer, which is actually different times as the people move back north for the summer (they follow the spring northward.) And your whales? Do you think the Eskimo presence on the coast at the same time is a coincidence? Of course they go to the same place every year. But if the herd animals did not migrate, they would die. A field cannot sustain a large grazing herd all year. When the grass dies, they move on. The predators follow them, including Man.
It isn't an aimless wandering, hoping to come across something to eat. It's a systematic movement to where years of experience have taught that food will be available. (This applies to the animal herds and to the people, both, equally.)
Cave people migrated. The caves were probably a winter shelter, with storage for food gathered during the year, fruits, nuts, dried meat. (I'd actually mistyped "fried" instead of "dried." Thank God for the Edit button!) In Spring they'd set out for the seasonal movements, summer camps, gatherings, exchanges of population, even. (Yes, I said "probably." The archeological evidence points to it, but obviously none of us were there to observe, we can only deduce from the sites we find. You find a bowl made from wood that doesn't grow within 200 miles, you have evidence of migration, or at least trade.)
Without connecting somehow in your mind that seeds make plants, and that those plants can be made with just a little care anywhere, as long as it's the right time of year, agriculture has no chance to get started.
Also, you've misused some words. I'll start with nomad. An explorer is not nomadic. A New York stockbroker retiring to Arizona is not nomadic. Native Americans of the upper West were nomadic. They moved with the food. Their lodges were tents, for crying out loud. A whole village could hit the road in a few hours, be set up miles away in a few hours a couple of days later. You'll notice that southern Native Americans tend to not be nomadic, and they built communities, developed agriculture, etc. These would be the river tribes along the Mississippi, what many people think of as "mound" civilizations. Think perhaps easier weather has anything to do with that? If it's raining nuts, berries, and squirrels, there's not much need to move out for food, even without agriculture. Same with Central and South American native peoples. Better climate, easier life, very large, very old civilizations, wiped out by conquest and disease when Europeans appeared in the "new" world.
Modern man does not migrate. (Another misused word, in your "Florida or Arizona" reference.) That's just someone who can afford to do so taking care of his personal comfort, getting out of the cold in the winter. He doesn't do it for survival or to find food.
For "If we could just get them to move out of the desert," I know it was tongue-in-cheek, but have a look at your history. The Apaches were forcibly relocated to useless, unproductive land in Arizona. Their original homeland was also in Arizona, but hardly useless and unproductive. The Cherokee were forcibly evicted from Georgia. There are no federally recognized tribes in Georgia to this day. They may have a tough time of it in the southwestern deserts, but that was the white man's intention during the westward expansion, after all.
Lastly, your "chart" did a very good job of explaining your understanding of the math.
It doesn't convey any information at all. That was funny.
As for the math of population growth, reproduction is, as you say, easy enough. Survival is not. What if only one in 5 babies survived a year? What if only one in 5 people lived past say, 35? You have the occasional grandparents, but for the most part you have two living generations. In modern times 3 generations is a given, 4 is very common. My own family has 5 right now - my wife and I are grandparents twice, and my wife's grandmother is still with us. With two living generations, how much opportunity is there to pass knowledge down to the next? They have no leisure time. There is no room for "Let's try this and see what happens." People who do that report their results to the rest by their absence, which in itself is enough motivation for "Let's don't try what they did. It's no good." The child learns what to eat, where it comes from, how to avoid being eaten, and spends the rest of his life using that knowledge, hopefully passing it to his own children.