There is a default level of respect that every being deserves before you actually know them. As you know them, they either gain or lose respect.
I'll say now, that being a parent nets you no respect at all. Absolutely none. It is caring for your child/children that you gain respect. If the child is more mature than the adult, the child is the rightful authority.
The problem arises in defining when that is the case. Extreme cases, such as a 2 year old child or a an adult son/daughter [I'm taking equal maturity to fall into the case of the child being a "rightful authority", even in adult hood, a child may be immature, so age is not a garuntee] are fairly east most of the time. But inbetween, it can be difficult to decide. As I was growing up, I fluctuated through thinking that I was being raised too strictly or whether it was fair. Half of the time, I was wrong to question how I was being raised, but looking back, I was justified in speaking out against the other half [half not meaning 50%, but some undefined ratio].
The current system used by society is that parents are in charge until the child moves out. As long as your parents are not bad/abusive (and it doesn't sound like that's the case), just respect them.
BTW, he has earned your respect. You are an enormous burden both financially and emotionally. You simply have no idea. The fact that someone would put up with that voluntarily, repeatedly, and unconditionally, has no equal in the "earning" of respect.
A parent should know what they are getting into when they have kids. It sounds silly, but the child didn't ask to be born. The parent chose to put up with the burden of raising the child. Simply providing money and housing is not enough to earn respect.
Sexual reproduction is worth nothing in terms of respect. It must be earned via
parenting. Do not just bring a person into the world and keep them alive. Bring them into the world, and help them pursue their goals. I'm not saying that you did not/do not do this, but I don't like the idea of the child as the burden when it is the parents who decide if the child exists at all.
EDIT
Trying to answer the question presented by the thread, I don't know who is right in your situation because I'm not there.
Your father has more life experience than you, and this gives him an advantage when it comes to making decisions. You are young, and might not fully understand things [not saying this is the case, but it's possible], so you might think that you are being cheated when you actually aren't.
One thing I will say, I completely disagree with this:
"Do what I say."
"Why?"
"I'm the parent."
No parent should even use that as the reason for doing something. They should explain their reasoning for the benefit of all involved. Now of course, sometimes kids can be difficult and they won't listen no matter what, so that's a different case. But if your dad never explains himself, try to ask him not to do that nicely. Hopefully, he doesn't take it as "back talk". Understanding will always make things better.