Republicans ARE "true conservatives" - but conservatism takes many forms & can mean many different things. It's well worth reading through the Wikipedia entry in total:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservatism
It starts:
Conservatism is a political and social philosophy promoting traditional social institutions in the context of culture and civilisation. The central tenets of conservatism include tradition, human imperfection, organic society, hierarchy & authority, and property rights. Conservatives seek to preserve a range of institutions such as monarchy, religion, parliamentary, and property rights, with the aim of emphasizing social stability and continuity. The more extreme elements—reactionaries—oppose modernism and seek a return to "the way things were".
I am not a conservative because I don't think that "the way things were" was better. Things were demonstrably worse in most ways in the past. In my experience, in practice, conservatism, often primarily manifests itself a general defense of social and economic inequality.
"From this perspective, conservatism is less an attempt to uphold traditional institutions and more, a meditation on — and theoretical rendition of — the felt experience of having power, seeing it threatened, and trying to win it back".
I think the modern western "liberal democracies" that emerged after 1945, based on the idea of greater social & economic equality, were a reaction to the trauma of the two World Wars, the Great Depression, & the rise of international communism. It was understood, even in the United States, which was relatively unscathed by the two World Wars, that greater equality of opportunity & a social safety net funded by progressive taxation were key factors in preventing the recurrence of violent revolution or global war.
In the sweep of human history, liberal democracies can be seen as a recent grand experiment, which, on the whole, has been remarkably successful. Living standards in general have risen, while at the same time the status of women, racial & sexual minorities has improved significantly (in the face of determined opposition from many conservatives).
I hope that the rise of Trumpism in the US & the rise of similar nationalist/conservative movements in other countries will prove to be a temporary blip in historical terms, because I don't believe traveling down that road will have good consequences for the world my children are going to be living in.
Incidentally, while the US political system was carefully & logically crafted, it seems to have become depressingly dysfunctional. In contrast, the Canadian system, with its quirky, illogical, British origins seems to work surprisingly well.