There is not even a pretense (beyond a vaguely plausible move to e-commerce due to a new investor) of investing in good faith. It's a pile-on to punish a particular hedge fund (I'm not taking a side here) that sure smells and swims like a ponzi scheme to me.
I think it's worthwhile to point out that before this whole thing very publicly exploded, there was a solid thesis around GameStop turning their business around. That was the basis of which that one Redditor that started all this sank his money into the stock. A billionaire who previously successfully built an e-commerce company bought a bunch of shares in GameStop, enough to get himself and two allies on its board. There's anticipation that this guy will be named CEO in the upcoming annual shareholders meeting. This was the basis for the jump to ~$20/share.
Surely though the only way you can make money on this is if you sell your shares for... more than you paid for them. Which means someone else will have to buy them.
If they don't (which they won't), the share price will eventually go down until someone will pay you for them - which is likely to be break-even or worse - and those funds that gamble on certain share prices falling will make a hoopload off it. That'll essentially see the status quo restored, with the Redditors evens or down and one fund making more than the other lost.
In either case, Gamestop is now worth so much that if you were to take it to Gamestop, Gamestop would give you $35 for it.
They
do have to buy them though. Over 100% of the shares of the float was shorted. Shorts have to be unwound eventually; if all shorts were unwound, the entire float has to be bought and some then again bought a second time in order to close all the shorts out. In the meantime, hedge funds that holds the shorts are paying interest and premium to keep holding onto the short, as the price of the stock increases, the interest cost increases.
As long as the demand of the stock (driven by hedge funds' need to cover their shorts due to excessive contract carrying costs or impending contract expiration, or call sellers need to deliver exercised, in-the-money calls) exceeds the supply of the stock, the price should go up.
This is a case of the perfect storm where the stock float is relatively small making it easier to actually move markets, there was a high interest in the stock because a) they believed in a growth thesis or b) they see this as a potentially effective way to stick it to the man, hedge funds were excessively shorting the stock (over 100%), all of which eventually had to be unwound and covered anyways unless the shorts manage to drive GameStop out of business, and certain hedge fund managers made the wrong move early on by publicly mocking and having a condescending attitude towards the Redditors instead of eating humble pie quietly, thus pissing the Redditors off.
The bottom half of that screenshot are options. So they have an option to buy the stock at $12/share that expires in April.
And those options are worth so much money because each contract gives the holder the right to 100 shares at the $12/share price, and this Redditor holds 500 contracts for a total right to buy 50,000 shares at $12/share.
The idea is to hold and hold until the hedge funds have no choice but to close their shorts at massively inflated values. Their thinking is that this short squeeze will then enable the retail traders to sell at even higher prices. I'm not sure how accurate this is though
That is accurate.
That's the prevailing theory floating around online, and an thorough investigation certainly needs to be done to see if there's any truth to this at all. With that said, the most straightforward answer is probably that Robinhood had liquidity problems, i.e. it couldn't put up the cash to ensure that trades actually get completed. When you buy or sell a stock, settlement is actually D+2. You see money in your account immediately, but that money won't technically arrive until 2 days later, and in the meantime, Robinhood (or your brokerage) is effectively lending that to you until that cash actually shows up at end of settlement period. Robinhood CEO wouldn't admit it, but with reports that they drew on lines of credit, Robinhood was literally running out of cash with all the trades. Either way, it looked really bad and Robinhood's silence didn't help the matter or the perception. Robinhood screwed themselves pretty hard on this one.