Let me mention the fact: behaving and executing our movements as planned on a racetrack is not easy. But hard.
Try to imagine, what kind of races we'd see if anyone playing GTS could sit in for a real life gokart race... So the 'market' for
proper racing is narrow, while the 'market' of playing/gaming is big. PD doesn't need to change anything, if the mass of its userbase is fine with playing dodgem, or gaming/tricking/abusing the system.
If PD knows the recipe of a perfect penalty system, I'm not sure they'd include it. (And I'm sure they don't know though.)
However, this is a new situation, when their headline names are raising their voice. I wonder what will they do, 'cause noone cares if I'm not entering their races for ages now, but if the base of the 'FIA certified'... blabla marketing is ruined, they must step.
I'm afraid, that this penalty system can not be repaired to work fine. Some fundamental changes needed in the management and analysis of the data (think about the
lag, which turns everything upside down sometimes - just to pick one) I think. Not easy.