I'm not sure how this works. How much does a candidate have to win the popular vote by before the electoral college result doesn't affect the outcome?
So long as a candidate can win a higher percentage of the state's elector's, they will get the state's vote. This is why people get upset because popular vote doesn't end in their favor. In the simplest of terms it can be broken down as such (not to be taken as truth): Say the state of Florida has 3 zones. Zone 1 is located on the Atlantic side, and has a population of 2 million people. Zone 2 is the Gulf side, and has a population of 1 million people. Zone 3 is the panhandle, and has 500,000 people. Say all 2 million people of zone one vote for candidate A, while zones 2 and 3 vote for candidate B. By popular vote, candidate A should be the elected president, but the e.c. claims that since candidate B had more zones (electors) vote for them, they receive the total electoral vote for that state, "winning the state."
The 538 number that boils down to 270 is made up of both the two senators from that state and the remaining representatives (Florida for instance has 27 representatives looking over 27 different zones, as well as the two senators equaling 29 for the state). D.C. gets three of their own as well.
Theoretically, a candidate can win the election by only taking 11 states (From highest to lowest electoral count: California - 55, Texas - 38, Florida - 29, New York - 29, Pennsylvania - 20, Illinois - 20, Georgia - 16, North Carolina - 15, New Jersey - 14 = 270).
Like Hillary in 2016, she won the popular vote but failed to win enough states to win the electoral college. If you don't win the electoral college, you don't win the election. People can get highly upset about these two numbers but the fail to understand how the represented zones work and how it affects a candidate winning a state.
Edit: Roughly 60% of the capable voters went to the polls in 2016. To those who say their vote doesn't matter should look not at their state's popular vote split but their district. If several million people located in different districts had voted for Hillary who didn't vote at all, it's very likely she would've been elected. For those who don't vote, especially in districts with low population relative to those located in high density area's, they do the most damage to the electoral college.