There is a difference between a mental disorder, such as schizophrenia, and conditions that impair cognitive development, such as autism. As I said, intellignece does not make someone immune to mental illness.
Basic definition of schizophrenia, by Wikipedia.
Further explanation about schizophrenia, by human biologist Robert Sapolsky.
prisonermonkeys
You underestimate the power of mental illness. Just because he studied neuroscience - has it even been confirmed which field he was studying - and took an ethics course does not mean that a mental illness could not take hold.
Take, for example, paranoid schizophrenia. It can make a person think, act and behave in irrational ways. Therefore, I would not expect that person to be able to respond rationally to it. Most paranoid schizophrenics don't wake up one day and suddenly realise "I have paranoid schizophrenia". They are usually diagnosed by someone else, which can be difficult, as a paranoid schizophrenic may hear voices telling them that those around them are lying and cannot be trusted.
I'm not saying Holmes is a paranoid schizophrenic - I'm just trying to highlight that prior knowledge of mental illness is not some magic bullet that will stop said illness from taking hold in someone's mind. For example, I have a kid in my class with bipolar disorder. I know what to look for in his behaviour that might suggest his mood is susceptible to changing, but that doesn't mean that I myself am suddenly immune from bipolar disorder myself.
Schizophrenia impairs ability to reason as it affects cognitive thinking once brain degeneration is reached at certain stage(remind you that schizophrenia presents similarities with degenerative illnesses), he could not have planned out the attacks as they required logical trends of reason that is already impaired by the time he "starts to hear voices" (i.e. auditory hallucinations). Besides autism is a complete different mental illness, which has nothing to do with this.
Schizophrenia's basic symptoms also present the impairment of brain function, which are required to undergo cognitive demanding tasks (such as studding and getting high grades, as the suspect shows). Therefore this kind of mental illness doesn't apply to this case.
prisonermonkeys
You have assumed that all mental illnesses impair cognition and are exclusively characterised by impulsive behaviour. Both of these statements are patently untrue.
It's true for the mental illnesses presented here. If there are other factors that are involved in this case (which are mostly personality disorders produced by PTSD and other factors) is not a biological mental illness, just a psychological disorders that might have develop from such conditions.
dylansan
Nobody's pointing fingers at anyone. The point is that a brain develops based entirely on every interaction it has with the environment, including but not limited to genetics, parenting, teachers, or a butterfly flapping it's wings miles away. Every effect has a cause; the decisions you make are caused by every single thing that happened in the past. Every thought you have was caused by the prior interactions which made your brain the way it is. There is no free will, as the decisions you make are not your choice but simply the result of the laws of physics playing out in your brain. It does not mean we get to blame everything else for this crime, it means you can't blame anything. It means blame is a stupid concept.
What is your point? Mental illnesses are well know for being product of
biological abnormalities in the brain (chemical abnormalities, arguable genetic conditions and brain defects), personalities disorders however are product of nurturing and childhood development.
Besides, you imply that he should be excluded from any kind of responsibility, and that's absolutely not true as he carried out the attack, not the illness(even if it was his motivation, his background demonstrates that he would have had the cognitive capacity to avoid such a thing).
dylansan
You can still remove him from society anyway, not because he is to blame, but because he is unfit for society and doesn't comprehend rights. This is not his or anyone's fault. It just is.
It wasn't impulsive behaviour
It doesn't matter if it was impulsive or planned for ages, he made the decision but he didn't actually have a choice.
Again, he carried out the attack, not the decease itself.
prisonermonkeys
No, it's not. If anything, rushing to judgement of Holmes is disrespectful. If he does have a mental illness, he cannot and should not be treated as someone who was sane at the time of the attacks.
dylansan
Again with this. Nobody's saying what he did wasn't wrong. Nobody's saying this guy is a good person who deserves respect. Nobody's saying it wasn't a tragedy. Nobody's saying he shouldn't be removed from society. And nobody's trying to blame anyone else for it, especially not the victims. Where is the disrespect?
Likewise he can't be put in a situation in which he might produce more deaths. Besides, mental illnesses are classical scapegoats used by defence lawyers to reduce/tame guilts and responsibilities to the suspects, getting his sentence tamed down because an insanity allergy is not fair, not for the victims of such attack.
And while I do agree that his motivations should be revised to prevent further cases, I don't consider that such thing should be used as a mechanism to subtract his responsibility from such attack.