NASCAR has had a few instances of race manipulation.
Fall Richmond 2013, when a driver intentionally spun to bring out a caution and another pitted to intentionally drop positions and clinch their teammate a spot in the playoffs (which was rescinded).
Homestead 2019, when race teams manipulated finishing order to gain one team a monetary bonus (all were penalized so no bonus was given).
Martinsville 2024, when two Chevrolet drivers blocked others from passing another Chevrolet in order to secure a driver in the championship race, while simultaneously a Toyota driver dropped back to let another Toyota try to pass him (the 2nd Toyota driver also ended up hitting the wall like Chastain, which ultimately caused a safety violation penalizing him).
These are the most recent 3 that were all discovered through radio communication and there have definitely been others (Kevin Harvick lining up a car to restart a race at Talladega where he knew the car wouldn't meet minimum speed due to a power issue and causing an accident comes to mind).
Chastain's move was not illegal at the time, so it wasn't penalized. Sometimes it takes someone to break the spirit of racing in such a way that further attempts actually break the rules of racing.