There is a lot of talk about camber, how it works, how people think it should work, etc. As a driver we are more concerned about what it does than how it does it. It changes the dynamics of a car and that changes the feeling of the car to the driver. Traditional definitions will tell you that it’s about increasing footprint, and though that is accurate, it’s not that simple. A driver might say it’s about ‘bite’, why? Because you can feel it… and that leads to confidence, confidence is what makes speed… and it can bite back…
Sounds simple right? Camber can mess up the dynamics of your car MUCH easier than enhance it. And Camber can cost you tenths if not a second off your lap if you don’t know how to use it, and a big part of that is knowing what it’s doing. Allow me to articulate below:
Picture time:
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Shot 1 - Here I am entering turn 2 at Laguna Seca, a double apex turn. The red sausage strip is the first Apex. The car is starting to slide while trail breaking as I’m attempting to rotate the rear for a more aggressive angle of attack. My head is naturally looking at the second Apex.
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Shot 2 – Camber starts doing its job at this point. At the first Apex, the car is now in a 4 wheel ‘slide’ at a good slip angle. Now look at all my wheels, the right front (most of my grip) is perfectly horizontal, you can’t even see flex in the tire, I’m at full grip. What you can’t see is the right rear tire but its working hard as I am on the throttle at this point… If I lifted off the throttle the car would snap into a (inside) spin at this point. Now look at the left side, look at how hard the tires are flexing and being ‘dragged’ through the slip angle, offering grip but not a lot, in fact they are producing a large amount of drag, but it’s a fair trade off to be 2/3rds throttle and stable.
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Now this is a telling shot. Now traveling through the second Apex, the car is stable and at max grip with neutral throttle… notice the inside (left side) tires, especially the rear, the foot print is very small, nearly lifting the tires off the track. To a much lesser degree this would also happen to the outside (right side) tires with no negative camber.
Now for a different angle:
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Same place, notice the left front wheel is nearly off the ground…
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Turn exit, full throttle, still turning slightly, grip still on the outside tires… Camber is still very relevant here as it’s now compensating for a small degree of flex though it’s not as visible.
Pretty simple right? So what’s the down side? In short, you have a reduced steering radios and need to plan your turns much further in advance based on how much camber you have. That same mechanic that gives you grip also slows you down. Turning the wheel too much in a turn with a lot of camber will slow you down as fast as throwing an anchor out the window…
Here is an example of camber working against you, back to turn 2…
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Damn Datsan 510’s… But they are FAST and a favorite with pro drivers so they run in a different class. But racing is racing and I held my line but just look at what’s all wrong here… My wheels are perfectly vertical, but I’m going too fast, my tires are flexing hard despite all the camber, suspension is all bound, and I’m turning so hard that my front ties are like shoveling snow… I bled off so much speed the 510 past me in the very next corner…
In summary: Camber does not = speed… Camber can increase your slip angle + feel stability in the turn + confidence = speed… lots of camber requires lots of early planning. Driving style needs to change to maximize the advantage of aggressive camber. Too much camber and I can’t slide the rear out as easily at turn in, but it gives me very even stability throughout the turn and rewards you for smooth driving.
That was a good day for racing...
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