LMP1 cars have larger cockpits, and any air being ducted in is factored into the design of the car. Here, we're talking about much tighter confines, meaning that there is less air in the cockpit to begin with. And there are further questions that need to be asked - how do you deal with the air ducts being blocked? How does a driver escape if the car rolls? What happens if the canopy is damaged but the car is otherwise unaffected?
LMP1 cockpits was just an example. For comparison sake, you're right, they are quite a bit larger than an enclosed F1 cockpit would be. That said, there are plenty of vehicles that have closed cockpits which are very small. Fighter jets, Formula 1 Powerboats, and Top Fuel drag cars would be some examples.
You mention that in an LMP1 car, the air being ducted into the cockpit is factored into the design. Why would it be any different with an F1 car?
Like I said before, I don't think air in the cockpit would be that big of an issue. For one, it's not a sealed, airtight space, and two, there are engineering solutions already in use which could be adapted onto an F1 car. If there was even a hint of airflow in the cockpit being an issue, they would very quickly adapt a breathing mask like what fighter pilots wear.
As far as the ducts being blocked, I think that is a pretty elementary engineering problem that has been solved many times over. What happens if the "air ducts" on a fighter jet get blocked? Answer, they don't, because they've been engineered to not get blocked.
If the concern is that they could be blocked in an accident, I think you're over estimating how sealed the cockpit actually would be. No one would be in danger of suffocating due to running out of air in the cockpit.
How a driver escapes when he roles over? First, do the drivers now "escape" when the car rolls? I can't recall a roll recently where the driver escaped without assistance. The first place I would look is top fuel drag racing. Some of those cars have full canopies, so I would see what procedures they use for getting a driver out of a rolled vehicle. F1 Powerboats deal with it while the cockpit is submerged under water when a boat flips, so I'm sure the F1 brain trust can figure out how to get it done on dry land.
I don't really understand the last question, about the canopy being damaged but the rest of the car being fine. What happens when a wing gets damaged? You either fix it and continue, or you retire. The canopy is just another piece of the car, no different than all the rest of the pieces.
I'm repeating myself, but I really don't think air in the cockpit would be an issue. Heat would definitely be a factor. With the heat, moisture in the cockpit might be an issue, with the inside getting fogged up; but again, there are engineering solutions to this.
I think the tear aways would be an issue as well, especially with how much rubber, along with bugs and dirt, would be splattered on the canopy. I don't know how many tear aways a driver typically goes through in a race, but it definitely more than the 1 or two you'd be able to pull off a canopy during a pit stop. An engine blow, resulting in oil spraying all over a following cars canopy, could become a major issue. At the same time though, that can happen in any form of tintop racing, and they just deal with it.
Lastly, just to be clear, I'm not really advocating, or pushing for closed cockpits. I just think some people are getting a little alarmist, making claims of "it can't be done," when it very well can be done. I actually would prefer if the cars stayed open cockpit, I think they look badass that way. From an engineering perspective though, a fully closed cockpit is very doable, and far from the toughest engineering task asked of F1 designers.
Yeah cheers, it was very helpful. It is 4:58AM GMT.
I own 402 cars....in Gran Turismo
Do you want to do this all night?